c162.

(7) The long view. Original: “A3.1 Low discount rate: Appropriators use a sufficiently low discount rate in relation to future benefits to be achieved from the resource.” Ostrom “Reformulating the Commons”, pp 22, 25, 27, 33 and 34.

1Oliver Goldsmith, dedication to “The Traveller”, 1764, in (1756–1774), The Complete Poetical Works of Oliver Goldsmith, p 4. For Aristotle and the particular, see Albert Jonsen and Stephen Toulmin (1988), The Abuse of Casuistry, prologue, especially p 19, and chapter 2. In book VI, chapter 5 of his Nicomachean Ethics, Aristotle explicitly distinguishes between variable principles (e.g., geometry) and the circumstances of a particular case; it is only the latter which are subjects with which prudence concerns itself: “Nobody deliberates about things that are invariable.”
David Fleming
Dr David Fleming (2 January 1940 – 29 November 2010) was a cultural historian and economist, based in London, England. He was among the first to reveal the possibility of peak oil's approach and invented the influential TEQs scheme, designed to address this and climate change. He was also a pioneer of post-growth economics, and a significant figure in the development of the UK Green Party, the Transition Towns movement and the New Economics Foundation, as well as a Chairman of the Soil Association. His wide-ranging independent analysis culminated in two critically acclaimed books, 'Lean Logic' and 'Surviving the Future', published posthumously in 2016. These in turn inspired the 2020 launches of both BAFTA-winning director Peter Armstrong's feature film about Fleming's perspective and legacy - 'The Sequel: What Will Follow Our Troubled Civilisation?' - and Sterling College's unique 'Surviving the Future: Conversations for Our Time' online courses. For more information on all of the above, including Lean Logic, click the little globe below!

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